之前给大家推荐过《循证教学》这本书。
还有一本书也非常值得推荐，那就是《可见的学习》这本书。在这本书里，澳大利亚研究者海蒂收集并分析了全球800多个元研究，对能够有效促进学生成绩提高的教学策略进行了归纳，200多种教学策略按照效应量大小进行了排列，结果见这里：https://visible-learning.org/hattie-ranking-influences-effect-sizes-learning-achievement/
其中前50名，我进行了简单的翻译如下：
Rank 影响 Influence Effect size d (Dec 2017)
1 教师集体性效能感 Collective teacher efficacy 1.57
2 自我报告的成绩 Self-reported grades 1.33
3 老师对成绩的估计 Teacher estimates of achievement 1.29
4 认知任务分析 Cognitive task analysis 1.29
5 早期干扰 Response to intervention 1.29
6 皮亚杰项目 Piagetian programs 1.28
7 拼图教学法 Jigsaw method 1.2
8 概念转变项目 Conceptual change programs 0.99
9 先验能力 Prior ability 0.94
10 与先验知识融合的策略 Strategy to integrate with prior knowledge 0.93
11 自我效能 Self-efficacy 0.92
12 教师信誉 Teacher credibility 0.9
13 微观教学/课程视频回顾 Micro-teaching/video review of lessons 0.88
14 迁移策略 Transfer strategies 0.86
15 课堂讨论 Classroom discussion 0.82
16 脚手架 Scaffolding 0.82
17 刻意练习 Deliberate practice 0.79
18 总结 Summarization 0.79
19 努力 Effort 0.77
20 对有学习需求的学生干预 Interventions for students with learning needs 0.77
21 助记符 Mnemonics 0.76
22 计划与预测 Planning and prediction 0.76
23 重复阅读项目 Repeated reading programs 0.75
24 老师清晰 Teacher clarity 0.75
25 知识精致和组织 Elaboration and organization 0.75
26 评价与反思 Evaluation and reflection 0.75
27 互惠教学（学生教学） Reciprocal teaching 0.74
28 重复和记忆 Rehearsal and memorization 0.73
29 理解性课程教学计划 Comprehensive instructional programs for teachers 0.72
30 主动寻求帮助 Help seeking 0.72
31 语音教学 Phonics instruction 0.7
32 反馈 Feedback 0.7
33 深刻的动机和方法 Deep motivation and approach 0.69
34 领域自主 Field independence 0.68
35 加速学习项目 Acceleration programs 0.68
36 学习目标与无目标 Learning goals vs. no goals 0.68
37 解决问题的教学 Problem-solving teaching 0.68
38 概述和转化 Outlining and transforming 0.66
39 概念图 Concept mapping 0.64
40 词汇项目 Vocabulary programs 0.62
41 创新项目 Creativity programs 0.62
42 行为干预计划 Behavioral intervention programs 0.62
43 制定自我判断标准 Setting standards for self-judgement 0.62
44 老师不给学生贴标签 Teachers not labeling students 0.61
45 高中与大学成就的关系 Relations of high school to university achievement 0.6
46 元认知策略 Meta-cognitive strategies 0.6
47 间隔练习相对集中练习 Spaced vs. mass practice 0.6
48 直接教学 Direct instruction 0.6
49 数学课程 Mathematics programs 0.59
50 适当挑战性的目标 Appropriately challenging goals 0.59
